HEALTH LABORATORY

HEALTH LABORATORY

A. Understanding
Health laboratories are facilities that carry out the measurement, determination and testing of materials derived from human or material not derived from humans for the determination of the type of disease, the causes of diseases, health conditions or factors that may affect the health of individuals and public health. Health laboratory services is a means of supporting efforts kesahatan, especially for the benefit of preventive and curative, promotive and rehabilitative even.
Clinical laboratories are laboratories that carry out medical examination services in the areas of hematology, clinical chemistry, clinical microbiology, clinical parasitology, immunology clinic or other fields related to the interests of the health of individuals, especially to support the efforts of disease diagnosis, cure disease and restore health.
B. The types of health laboratories
In some countries, there are two types of labs that process the majority of medical specimens. Hospital laboratories in hospitals, and perform tests on patients. Private laboratory (or community) receive samples for analysis from physicians, insurance companies, and other health clinician, which can also be called as a reference laboratory where the tests are not common and certainly not done.
Health laboratory consists of:
a. Clinical laboratory
b. Public health laboratory

For a very specific test, the sample can enter the MIPA and research laboratories.
Many samples that are sent between different laboratories for tests that are not common, which is more cost effective if a particular laboratory specializing in rare test, receiving specimens (and money) from other laboratories, when sending a test can not be done.
Labratorium Clinic is often divided into:
A. Microbiology receive swabs, feces, urine, blood, sputum, medical equipment, as well as possible infected tissue. Specimens were cultured to check for microbial pathogens.
2. Parasitology parasites observed.
3. Received whole blood hematology and plasma. They do a blood count and blood film.
4. Analyzing the clot and coagulation time coagulation factors.
5. Serum clinical chemistry usually accept. They tested the serum for the different components.
6. Toxicology testing of pharmaceutical drugs, drug abuse, and other toxins.
7. Immunological antibody test.
8. Imunohematologi, or the blood bank to provide components, derivatives, and blood products for transfusion.
9. Serology receive serum samples for evidence of diseases such as hepatitis or HIV.
10. Urinalysis to test urine for a number of analytes
11. Histological processing of dense tissue taken from the body to make the glass microscope and examine the detail of the cell.
12. Cell smears cytology testing (such as from the mouth of the womb) to prove cancer and other conditions.
13. Cytogenetics involves the use of blood and other cells to get a karyotype, which could be useful in prenatal diagnosis (eg Down syndrome) are also cancer (some cancers have abnormal chromosomes).
14. Virology and DNA analysis was also conducted in a large clinical laboratory.
15. Surgical pathology test organ, extremity, tumor, fetal, and other tissues biopsied in breast surgery such as mastectomy.
Health laboratories for example:
A. Supporting Curatif
· Lab. Clinic at Hospital, Medical Clinic, maternity hospital and a Physician Practice
2. Supporting Curatif and preventive
· Central Health Laboratory (BLK), the Regional Health Laboratory (Labkesda) and Private Health Laboratory (LKS).
3. Supporting preventive
· Institute of Environmental Health Engineering (BTKL).
· There are also labs that act in the activities of inspection and supervision:
a) BPOM (Food and Drug Inspection Agency)
b) PPOM (Center for Food and Drug Administration)
· Finally, the laboratory that acts in research activities
a) Research Center for Infectious Diseases (P3M)
b) Pharmaceutical Research and Development Center (P3F)
For Private Health Laboratory consists of;
· General Clinical Laboratory (pratama and major)
· Special Clinical Laboratories (Microbiology and Pathology)
· Laboratory of Public Health (Primary and Primary)
Examination can be performed by laboratories, the following minimum capabilities requisite for the laboratory based on the tools used as well as the possibility of pollution / waste at akibatkannya. Ukuaan this course can be equipped with an energy and the volume of laboratory tests.
Commercial Clinical Laboratory:
· Hematology
· Hemostasis
· Urinalysis
· Feces
· Clinical Chemistry
· Immunology
· Microbiology
Public Health Laboratory:
· Environmental Chemistry
· Examination Jasaboga
Special Laboratory of Microbiology:
· Clinical Microbiology